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Guide to Managing Type 2 Diabetes

Pathkind Team 2326 Views
Published: 20 Oct 2022
Updated: 13 Oct 2023
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Symptoms

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in India and many other countries. Do you know that 1 in 11 Indians have been diagnosed with the problem of diabetes? Around 17% of diabetic patients in the world are from India. In some cases, diabetes might become a life-threatening disease. Most of us have heard about diabetic patients but don’t know the disease and its symptoms. Since diabetes is a common disease, most people might not even know they have it. Diabetes is of many types depending upon its condition. Read on to understand some ways of treating Type 2 diabetes efficiently.

Understanding Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes around the world. After Type 2 diabetes most people suffer from Type 1 diabetes. Both these types of diabetes hamper the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin. The pancreas is an important organ in the body that helps food move through the digestive system. Another function of the pancreas is to produce hormones in the body. The pancreas produces hormones like glucagon and insulin, which regulate the blood sugar level in the body. Before treating Type 2 diabetes, you need to understand the impact of the disease.

With Type 2 diabetes, the pancreas fails to produce insulin in the body. Without insulin in the bloodstream, a person’s body cannot break down sugar. Since sugar cannot be simplified into smaller parts, the blood sugar level in the body rises. As a result, the patient may experience dehydration, sightlessness, and many other issues. Let us now understand the symptoms related to Type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 Diabetes: Symptoms

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that hampers the optimal blood sugar level of the body. Be it Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, it has to be managed properly. For the management of diabetes mellitus, you need to know its symptoms. Some bodily symptoms of Type 2 diabetes are as follows: 

  • Feeling exhaustedx
  • Blurriness in vision
  • Sleepiness
  • Increased thirst or hunger
  • Frequent urination (especially during the night)
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • A tingling sensation in hands and/or feet

If you have any of the above symptoms, you need to get diagnosed and check for the presence of Type 2 diabetes. Once you detect the presence of diabetes, the management of the disease starts.
 

Ways to get checked for diabetes

Cause of Type 2 Diabetes

There are several genetic and lifestyle causes of Type 2 diabetes, like:

  • People having a family history of diabetes might get the disease at some point in life.
  • Even though the reason is unclear, white people are less likely to have Type 2 diabetes than Hispanic and black people.
  • Some people might develop diabetic symptoms after crossing 45 years of age.
  • People suffering from obesity are likely to catch Type 2 diabetes.
  • Physical inactivity is one of the leading causes of Type 2 diabetes.

Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes

To start treating Type 2 diabetes, you must confirm its presence in the body. The road to treatment begins by taking a test to confirm Type 2 diabetes. Usually, there are three different tests to confirm Type 2 diabetes. Doctors suggest a diabetes test based on the medical condition and allergies of the patient. If you are experiencing any diabetes symptoms, take a test immediately. Different types of diabetes tests are as follows:

  • A1C Test

    The Haemoglobin A1C test is preferred by many doctors to confirm diabetes in a patient. It helps us know the amount of glucose attached to haemoglobin in our body. We all know that haemoglobin is a protein inside RBCs that circulate oxygen in the body. When there’s glucose attached to haemoglobin in our body, we feel energetic. However, too much glucose in RBCs will act as a poison. With the help of a small blood sample, the lab technician will perform the A1C test and confirm the presence of diabetes.

  • FPG Test

    The FPG test is a more accurate version of the A1C haemoglobin test. FPG (Fasting Plasma Glucose) test reveals the exact baseline of your glucose level. Doctors can know the precise amount of sugar in the bloodstream with an FPG test. However, the patient fasts for at least eight hours before taking an FPG test. When the FPG test results show a blood sugar level above 126 mg/dL, it means the person has diabetes.

  • OGTT Test

    The OGTT or glucose tolerance test is a diabetes test for children. Similar to the FPG test, the OGTT test is also accurate. However, one does not have to fast before taking a glucose tolerance test. For the OGTT test, a blood sample is drawn from the patient to check the normal sugar level in the body. After the blood sample is collected, the patient is given a glass of a sugar-mixed drink. After the patient drinks it, another blood sample is collected to check the increased/normal sugar levels. After a series of tests, the patient will have diabetes if the blood sugar level is more than 200 mg/dL.

Type 2 Diabetes: Treatment

There are different ways for treating Type 2 diabetes efficiently. The first treatment is associated with changing lifestyle and eating habits. When you eat foods that contain less fat and sugar, you will maintain the blood sugar level in the body. The second method is taking oral medication to treat Type 2 diabetes. Medications like Thiazolidinediones and Sulfonylurea are offered to diabetic patients. Doctors also offer drugs that boost the ability of the body to produce insulin.

Tips to Manage Type 2 Diabetes

Some tips for themanagement of diabetes mellitus are as follows:

  • You should try to eat low-carb food items to manage Type 2 diabetes.
  • One should frequently exercise to treat Type 2 diabetes.
  • Regular check-ups should be taken to monitor the condition of Type 2 diabetes.
  • According to doctors, stress is one of the biggest reasons for Type 2 diabetes.
  • If you have been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, you should stop taking alcohol and smoking.

The best way to manage Type 2 diabetes is to consult with the doctor at frequent intervals. Start management of diabetes mellitus today!

To book a Diabetes Test, visit our website or you can even visit our nearest Pathology laboratory for more information.

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