CBP, also known as Complete Blood Picture, is a blood test that medical professionals use to track or identify health issues in a patient. It can provide your healthcare professional with information about your immune system's health, and the effects of drugs or how an illness is affecting your body! CBP test can identify infections, anemia, and blood malignancies among many other medical conditions.
A healthcare professional takes your blood sample to send it to a lab for a complete blood picture, and red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and hemoglobin (the protein in red blood cells that delivers oxygen) are then all measured in the lab and a detailed report is created. Keep reading to find out how a CBP test can immensely help diagnose medical issues and aid with your treatment!
What is CBP or Complete Blood Picture?
CBP can give your doctor important details on the components of your blood, such as red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets, and that’s why it is frequently employed as a screening tool to evaluate general health. This test can identify different medical disorders, and track how well therapies are working for you, or in unfortunate cases, not working.
Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are among the components of human blood that are necessary at the right amount for several bodily physiological functions. The hemoglobin protein, which is found in large quantities in red blood cells (RBCs), aids in the body's oxygen delivery, while the WBCs are a component of the immune system that aids in defending the body against illnesses and infections. Little blood cells called platelets aid in the formation of clots that halt bleeding after an injury, otherwise bleeding won’t stop. Determining these blood cell types' of levels aids in providing crucial health information since they carry out essential bodily functions all the time.
Anemia, infections, bleeding disorders, leukemia, and other blood-related diseases can all be detected and diagnosed with the use of the CBP, which is actually a pretty simple test. A CBP test requires no specific preparation, and you are free to eat and drink as you normally would before the test! However, depending on your condition, your doctor may offer certain guidelines that you need to follow, but that only happens in very specific circumstances!
What Do the CBP Test Measures?
Here is the list of components that a CBP test measures:
- White blood cells (WBCs) - White blood cells (WBCs) are measured using this test because WBCs are used by your body as an immunity shield. An excessive number of them may indicate an infection, inflammation, adverse medical response, or other illness, however, you may also be more susceptible to illness if the count is low. A low count may also result from a bone marrow disorder, viral infection, or certain medicine that a doctor needs to investigate.
- Red blood cells (RBCs) - These blood cells carry oxygen to all your cells, and they also aid in the transportation of carbon dioxide. You can have anemia or another illness if your red blood cell count is too low and may need immediate treatment.
- RDW, RDW-CV, RDW-SD - Red blood cells vary in size and red blood cell distribution width (RDW, RDW-CV, or RDW-SD) is measured by this test. For example, if you have anemia, you'll likely have more variations in the size of your red blood cells.
- Hematocrit (HCT) - This test determines the proportion of red blood cells in your blood, and you may not have enough iron, a mineral that aids in the production of red blood cells if your Hematocrit level is low. However, a high score might indicate dehydration or even serious illness.
- Hemoglobin (Hb) - Red blood cells contain a protein called hemoglobin that transports oxygen throughout the body from the lungs, and abnormalities may indicate anything from pulmonary illness to anemia.
- Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) - MCV is how big your red blood cells are on average. You will have a greater MCV if they are larger than normal, and that could occur if your levels of folate or vitamin B12 are insufficient. On the other hand, you may have a kind of anemia if your red blood cells are smaller.
- Platelets - Cell parts called platelets aid in blood coagulation, and that’s why a low platelet count may increase your risk of bleeding. Too high a count might indicate a variety of possible health issues as well.
Why is a CBP Test Performed?
Giving your healthcare practitioner information about your complete health status is the goal of a CBP test.
- Diagnosis - Finding the source of a patient's symptoms is known as diagnosis, and numerous anomalies in the blood that might be connected to various medical issues can be found by the CBP. The CBP is widely utilized as a diagnostic test as a result even though it may be used in conjunction with other tests to get a conclusive diagnosis.
- Monitoring - The practice of tracking a patient's health status over time is called monitoring, and patients with a history of blood cell abnormalities can be monitored effectively using this test. What’s more, it can be used to monitor for adverse effects of some medical treatments and to determine how a person's condition has reacted to a specific therapy.
- Screening - Testing to identify health issues before symptoms appear is known as screening, and sometimes a CBP may be recommended by a physician as a screening test during regular examinations.
CBP Normal Result Range
These are some of the CBP test normal range results:
1. RBC count
Male: 4.7 to 6.1 million cells/mcL
Female: 4.2 to 5.4 million cells/mcL
2. WBC count
4,500 to 10,000 cells/mcL
3. Hematocrit
Male: 40.7% to 50.3%
Female: 36.1% to 44.3%
4. Hemoglobin
Male: 13.8 to 17.2 g/dL
Female: 12.1 to 15.1 g/dL
5. Red blood cell indices
MCV: 80 to 100 fL
MCH: 27 to 31 pg/cell
MCHC: 32 to 36 g/dL
6. Platelet count
150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter.
What Does it Mean to Have CBP Results Outside the Normal Range?
Elevated hematocrit, hemoglobin, or RBC might be caused by:
- High erythropoietin production in kidney illness
- Insufficient intake of water and fluids
- Using testosterone
- Long-term low blood oxygen levels brought on by heart or lung conditions or prolonged exposure to carbon monoxide
- Excessive smoking
- Polycythemia vera
- Chronic renal disease
A low hematocrit, hemoglobin, or RBC level might be caused by:
- Anemia
- Hemolysis
- Cancer
- Bone marrow growth issues
- Cancer treatment
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Ulcerative colitis
- Hepatitis
- Multiple myeloma
A low WBC count might result from:
- Immune system disorders
- Alcohol abuse
- Liver damage
- Chemotherapy drugs
- Spleen enlargement
- AIDS
- Bone marrow failure
- Virus-induced infections
A high WBC count might result from:
- Leukemia
- Damage to tissue
- Infections
- Lupus
- Some medications (corticosteroids)
- Rheumatoid arthritis
A high platelet count can be caused by:
- Blood disorders
- Lack of iron
- Bleeding
- Cancer
- Bone marrow issues
A low platelet count can be caused by:
- Spleen enlargement
- Pregnancy
- Chemotherapy drugs
- Bone marrow failure
Final Remarks
CBP is one of the most popular tests that physicians recommend getting the entire picture of your full health status, and that is because of the comprehensive report it can offer! It is not only performed when your healthcare practitioner is keeping track of how well a treatment method is working for you but also during a general health checkup if the doctor feels it might be beneficial for the early diagnosis of certain illnesses.
Contact Pathkind Labs today to find out the CBP test price and arrange an appointment to get the test done by experts!